convert a dict-list object from / to a typed object(class instance with type annotation)

Overview

objtyping 带类型定义的对象转换器

由来

Python不是强类型语言,开发人员没有给数据定义类型的习惯。这样虽然灵活,但处理复杂业务逻辑的时候却不够方便——缺乏类型检查可能导致很难发现错误,在IDE里编码时也没有代码提示。所以开发了这个小工具来解决它。

基本用法

  • 首先定义业务类,并通过类变量定义每个字段的类型。
from typing import List


class Person:
    name: str
    age: int


class Company:
    name: str
    revenue: float
    employees: List[Person]

之所以选择类变量来定义,是因为它最简洁和直观。相比之下,如果在__init__方法中初始化实例变量,是没有办法获取类型定义(type_hint)的;如果用@property注解或者getter,setter方法的话,显然就更复杂了。它们都不如直接定义类变量简单优美。不过使用类变量也有缺点:就是它在这里被当成元数据来使用了,如果真的需要定义类级别共享的变量,无法区分。这个问题可以在后面通过开发自定义注解来解决。

  • 下一步就可以把符合这个类定义结构的dict-list嵌套数据,转化为该类实例对象了:
from objtyping import objtyping

company1 = objtyping.from_dict_list({
    'name': 'Apple',
    'revenue': 18.5,
    'employees': [{
        'name': 'Tom',
        'age': 20
    }, {
        'name': 'Jerry',
        'age': 31
    }]
}, Company)

此时的company1就是完整的Company对象了, 可以直接使用company1.name, company1.employees[0].name 等形式访问里面的属性。

  • 当然也可以把业务对象再转回dict-list嵌套的形式
from objtyping import objtyping

dict_list = objtyping.to_dict_list(company1)

此时的dict_list对象,就是一大堆dict和list层级嵌套的原始类型数据

使用场景

初始化对象

Python没有js那么方便的初始化对象方式,但有这个工具就可以这样写(就是前面基础使用的汇总):

from typing import List

from objtyping import objtyping


class Person:
    name: str
    age: int


class Company:
    name: str
    revenue: float
    employees: List[Person]

    def __str__(self):  # 其实一般可能都是这样简单用一下的
        return "'{}' has {} employees: {}".format(self.name, len(self.employees), ' and '.join(map(lambda emp: emp.name, self.employees)))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    company1 = objtyping.from_dict_list({
        'name': 'Apple',
        'revenue': 18.5,
        'employees': [{
            'name': 'Tom',
            'age': 20
        }, {
            'name': 'Jerry',
            'age': 31
        }]
    }, Company)

    print(company1)

输出结果:

'Apple' has 2 employees: Tom and Jerry

序列化/反序列化

Python的常见的序列化需求,包括json和yaml数据格式,它们都有相对完善的处理库。但同样是不强调类型的缘故,它们处理的对象都是原始的dict-list格式。正好可以借助这个工具实现进一步转化。

json

示例

import json
import sys
from typing import List

from objtyping import objtyping


class X:
    x: int
    y: str


class A:
    q: str
    a: str
    b: int
    c: List[X]


if __name__ == '__main__':
    print("\r\n-----json-------")
    json_obj = json.loads('{"q":9, "a":"Mark", "b":3, "c":[{"x":15, "y":"male"},{"x":9, "y":"female", "z":13}]}')
    typed_obj = objtyping.from_dict_list(json_obj, A)
    d_l_obj = objtyping.to_dict_list(typed_obj)
    print(json.dumps(d_l_obj))

    sys.exit()

输出结果

-----json-------
{"q": "9", "a": "Mark", "b": 3, "c": [{"x": 15, "y": "male"}, {"x": 9, "y": "female", "z": 13}]}

这里需要注意的是:本来属性"q",在最初的json结构中,是个数字,但由于类变量定义中是字符串,转换成业务对象以后,它的类型就是字符串了——objtyping工具,会试图按照类定义,在基础类型之间强制转换。

yaml

示例

import sys
from ruamel.yaml import YAML
from typing import List
from objtyping import objtyping


class X:
    x: int
    y: str


class A:
    q: str
    a: str
    b: int
    c: List[X]


if __name__ == '__main__':
    print("\r\n-----yaml-------")
    yaml = YAML()
    yaml_obj = yaml.load('''
    q: 9
    a: Mark
    b: 3
    c:
        - x: 15
          y: male
        - x: 9
          y: female
          z: 13    
    ''')
    typed_obj = objtyping.from_dict_list(yaml_obj, A)
    d_l_obj = objtyping.to_dict_list(typed_obj)
    yaml.dump(d_l_obj, sys.stdout)

    sys.exit()

输出结果

-----yaml-------
q: '9'
a: Mark
b: 3
c:
- x: 15
  y: male
- x: 9
  y: female
  z: 13

这里的属性"q"同样被强转了类型。

Owner
Song Hui
Song Hui
Program to extract signatures from documents.

Extracting Signatures from Bank Checks Introduction Ahmed et al. [1] suggest a connected components-based method for segmenting signatures in document

Muhammad Saif Ullah Khan 9 Jan 26, 2022
一款不需要买代理来减少扫网站目录被封概率的扫描器,适用于中小规格字典。

PoorScanner使用说明书 -工具在不同环境下可能不怎么稳定,如果有什么问题恳请大家反馈。说明书有什么错误的地方也大家欢迎指正。 更新记录 2021.8.23 修复了云函数主程序 gitee上传文件接口写错了的BUG(之前把自己的上传地址写死进去了,没从配置文件里读) 更新了说明书 PoorS

14 Aug 02, 2022
A Python class for checking the status of an enabled Minecraft server

mcstatus provides an easy way to query Minecraft servers for any information they can expose. It provides three modes of access (query, status and ping), the differences of which are listed below in

Nathan Adams 1.1k Jan 06, 2023
JeNot - A tool to notify you when Jenkins builds are done.

JeNot - Jenkins Notifications NOTE: under construction, buggy, and not production-ready What A tool to notify you when Jenkins builds are done. Why Je

1 Jun 24, 2022
Data Utilities e.g. for importing files to onetask

Use this repository to easily convert your source files (csv, txt, excel, json, html) into record-oriented JSON files that can be uploaded into onetask.

onetask.ai 1 Jul 18, 2022
Here, I find the Fibonacci Series using python

Fibonacci-Series-using-python Here, I find the Fibonacci Series using python Requirements No Special Requirements Contribution I have strong belief on

Sachin Vinayak Dabhade 4 Sep 24, 2021
Backup a folder to an another folder by using mirror update method.

Mirror Update Backup Backup a folder to an another folder by using mirror update method. How to use Install requirement pip install -r requirements.tx

1 Nov 21, 2022
Display your calendar on the wallpaper.

wallCal Have your calendar appear as the wallpaper. disclaimer Use at your own risk. Don't blame me if you miss a meeting :-) Some parts of the script

7 Jun 14, 2022
Numbers-parser - Python module for parsing Apple Numbers .numbers files

numbers-parser numbers-parser is a Python module for parsing Apple Numbers .numbers files. It supports Numbers files generated by Numbers version 10.3

Jon Connell 154 Jan 05, 2023
MongoDB utility to inflate the contents of small collection to a new larger collection

MongoDB Data Inflater ("data-inflater") The data-inflater tool is a MongoDB utility to automate the creation of a new large database collection using

Paul Done 3 Nov 28, 2021
A meme error handler for python

Pwython OwO what's this? Pwython is project aiming to fill in one of the biggest problems with python, which is that it is slow lacks owoified text. N

SystematicError 23 Jan 15, 2022
Create a Web Component (a Custom Element) from a python file

wyc Create a Web Component (a Custom Element) from a python file (transpile python code to javascript (es2015)). Features Use python to define your cu

7 Oct 09, 2022
Multipurpose Growtopia Server tools, can be used for newbie to learn things.

Information Multipurpose Growtopia Server tools, can be used for newbie to learn things. Requirements - Python 3.x - Operating System (Recommended : W

Morphias 2 Oct 29, 2021
tade is a discussion/forum/link aggregator application. It provides three interfaces: a regular web page, a mailing list bridge and an NNTP server

tade is a discussion/forum/link aggregator application. It provides three interfaces: a regular web page, a mailing list bridge and an NNTP server

Manos Pitsidianakis 23 Nov 04, 2022
Simple collection of GTPS Flood in Python.

GTPS Flood Simple collection of GTPS Flood in Python. NOTE Give me credit if you use this source, don't trade/sell this tool, And USE AT YOUR OWN RISK

PhynX 6 Dec 07, 2021
Python script to get some stats on nodes in a Blender material nodetree

Python script to get some stats on nodes in a Blender material nodetree. It counts the nodes, the node types and the max deep level for group nodes.

Alek Mugnozzo 2 Sep 03, 2022
A program will generate a eth key pair that has the public key that starts with a defined amount of 0

ETHAdressGenerator This short program will generate a eth key pair that has the public key that starts with a defined amount of 0 Requirements Python

3 Nov 19, 2021
Fcpy: A Python package for high performance, fast convergence and high precision numerical fractional calculus computing.

Fcpy: A Python package for high performance, fast convergence and high precision numerical fractional calculus computing.

SciFracX 1 Mar 23, 2022
A python module to validate input.

A python module to validate input.

Matthias 6 Sep 13, 2022
Compute the fair market value (FMV) of staking rewards at time of receipt.

tendermint-tax A tool to help calculate the tax liability of staking rewards on Tendermint chains. Specifically, this tool calculates the fair market

5 Jan 07, 2022